NF C52-161/A1-2000 变压器和电抗器的噪声级测定
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【英文标准名称】:Determinationoftransformerandreactorsoundlevels.
【原文标准名称】:变压器和电抗器的噪声级测定
【标准号】:NFC52-161/A1-2000
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:2000-06-01
【实施或试行日期】:2000-06-05
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:K41
【国际标准分类号】:17_140_20;29_180
【页数】:14P;A4
【正文语种】:其他
【英文标准名称】:Erectionofpowerinstallationswithnominalvoltagesupto1000V;selectionanderectionofequipment;suppliesforsafetyservicesVDESpecification
【原文标准名称】:额定电压1kV以下的强电设备的安装.电气设备的选择和安装.用于安全目地的电源设备
【标准号】:DINVDE0100-560-1984
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1984-11
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:规范(审批);电力设备;低电压;电气设备;电驱动装置;电气保护设备;定义;选择;电气工程;安全;装配;安装;低压电器;电力装置;安全工程
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:K85;K30
【国际标准分类号】:29_240_00;13_320
【页数】:4P;A4
【正文语种】:德语
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforNondestructiveAssayofSpecialNuclearMaterialinLowDensityScrapandWastebySegmentedPassiveGamma-RayScanning
【原文标准名称】:分段无源γ射线扫描法对低密度废料及残渣中特殊核材料进行无损检验的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMC1133-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:C26.10
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:核技术;γ辐射;放射性废物;无损检验;试验
【英文主题词】:nondestructiveassay;segmentedgamma-rayscanning;specialnuclearmaterial
【摘要】:Segmentedgamma-rayscanningprovidesanondestructivemeansofmeasuringthenuclidecontentofscrapandwastewherethespecificnatureofthematrixandthechemicalformandrelationshipbetweenthenuclideandmatrixmaybeunknown.Theprocedurecanserveasadiagnostictoolthatprovidesaverticalprofileoftransmissionandnuclideconcentrationwithintheitem.Samplepreparationisgenerallylimitedtogoodwaste/scrapsegregationpracticesthatproducerelativelyhomogeneousitemsthatarerequiredforanysuccessfulwaste/inventorymanagementandassayscheme,regardlessofthemeasurementmethodused.Also,processknowledgeshouldbeused,whenavailable,aspartofawastemanagementprogramtocomplementinformationonsampleparameters,containerproperties,andtheappropriatenessofcalibrationfactors.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthetransmission-correctednondestructiveassay(NDA)ofgamma-rayemittingspecialnuclearmaterials(SNMs),mostcommonly235U,239Pu,and241Am,inlow-densityscraporwaste,packagedincylindricalcontainers.ThemethodcanalsobeappliedtoNDAofothergamma-emittingnuclidesincludingfissionproducts.High-resolutiongamma-rayspectroscopyisusedtodetectandmeasurethenuclidesofinterestandtomeasureandcorrectforgamma-rayattenuationinaseriesofhorizontalsegments(collimatedgammadetectorviews)ofthecontainer.Correctionsarealsomadeforcountinglossesoccasionedbysignalprocessinglimitations(1-3).1.2TherearecurrentlyseveralsystemsinuseorunderdevelopmentfordeterminingtheattenuationcorrectionsforNDAofradioisotopicmaterials(4-8).Arelatedtechnique,tomographicgamma-rayscanning(TGS),isnotincludedinthistestmethod(9,10).1.2.1ThistestmethodwillcovertwoimplementationsoftheSegmentedGammaScanning(SGS)procedure:(1)IsotopeSpecific(Mass)Calibration,theoriginalSGSprocedure,usesstandardsofknownradionuclidemassestodeterminedetectorresponseinamassversuscorrectedcountratecalibrationthatappliesonlytothosespecificradionuclidesforwhichitiscalibrated,and(2)EfficiencyCurveCalibration,analternativemethod,typicallyusesnon-SNMradionuclidesourcestodeterminesystemdetectionefficiencyvs.gammaenergyandtherebycalibrateforallgamma-emittingradionuclidesofinterest(11).ThesetwomethodswillbecoveredindetailintheremainderofthemainbodyofthistestmethodandAnnexA1.1.2.1.1EfficiencyCurveCalibration,overtheenergyrangeforwhichtheefficiencyisdefined,hastheadvantageofprovidingcalibrationformanygamma-emittingnuclideforwhichhalf-lifeandgammaemissionintensitydataareavailable.1.3Theassaytechniquemaybeapplicabletoloadingsuptoseveralhundredgramsofnuclideina208-L(55-gal)drum,withmorerestrictedrangestobeapplicabledependingonspecificpackagingandcountingequipmentconsiderations.1.4Measuredtransmissionvaluesmustbeavailableforuseincalculationofsegment-specificattenuationcorrectionsattheenergiesofanalysis.1.5Arelatedmethod,SGSwithcalculatedcorrectionfactorsbasedonsamplecontentanddensity,isnotincludedinthisstandard.1.6ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.7Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.SpecificprecautionarystatementsaregiveninSection8.
【中国标准分类号】:F40
【国际标准分类号】:13_030_30;71_040_50
【页数】:16P.;A4
【正文语种】:
